加拿大华人论坛 加拿大生活信息Duty和Responsibility的区别

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Written by Chuck Gallozzi 　　Life's heaviest burden is to have nothing to carry 　　　　Many people feel that they are weighed down by duties, obligations, and responsibilities. To them, the title of this article seems strange. They don't realize that complaining about carrying out one's duties, is like complaining about having to eat! Most people realize that eating is not only necessary, but can be a source of great pleasure. The same is true for performing our responsibilities. We actualize our potential by fulfilling our obligations, which leads to pleasure and happiness. In fact, the harder the duty is to perform, the greater the pleasure on its completion. Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe makes an outstanding point, "How can we know ourselves? Never by reflection, but only through action. Begin at once to do your duty and immediately you will know what is inside you."　　　　Duty is enmeshed with human life. We cannot separate the two. For as Daniel Webster said on April 6, 1830, "A sense of duty pursues us ever. It is omnipresent, like the Deity. If we take to ourselves the wings of the morning, and dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea, duty performed or duty violated is still with us, for our happiness or our misery. If we say the darkness shall cover us, in the darkness as in the light our obligations are yet with us." Here's how Joseph Joubert expressed a similar thought, "Without duty, life is sort of boneless; it cannot hold itself together."　　　　What is meant by duty? Duty refers to what is DUE to others. For example, parents have the duty to care for their children and teachers have the duty to bring out the best in their pupils. What about responsibility? Responsibility is to hold ourselves accountable. It is a way of saying, "the buck stops here." It also recognizes that if we take credit for our successes, we must take responsibility for our failures. Of course, we cannot be held responsible for situations beyond our control, but we are responsible for the way we act during such situations.　　　　Why be responsible?　　　　1. Freedom. When we are responsible, we are free; we are in charge of our lives. When we abdicate responsibility, we become slaves to our base desires. Max Stirner explains: "Whoever will be free must make himself free. Freedom is no fairy gift to fall into a man's lap. What is freedom? To have the will to be responsible for one's self."　　　　2. Greatness. As Winston Churchill said, "Responsibility is the price of greatness." If we wish to do great things, we must start by accepting responsibilities for the small things we ought to be doing each day. Oprah Winfrey also makes a good point: "Doing the best at this moment puts you in the best place for the next moment."　　　　3. Self-growth. As we carry out our obligations, we develop character, self-respect, self-esteem, and peace of mind. Our responsibilities also give meaning to life and allow us to experience happiness.　　　　Tips on self-improvement　　　　1. Learn the difference between what you have a right to do and what is right to do.　　　　2. "Do something every day that you don't want to do. This is the golden rule for acquiring the habit of doing your duty without pain." (Mark Twain)　　　　3. Change your focus from the effort it takes to do your duty to the pleasure you will experience on its completion.　　　　4. Make plans to fulfill your obligations. We are all familiar with "to-do" lists, but get into the habit of creating "ought-to-do" lists and schedule your obligations into your day. "What, then, is your duty? What the day demands." (Goethe)　　　　Final thoughts　　　　I realize that some people think God gave us quick reactions so we could duck responsibility, but I know you don't fall in that category. So, do your duty for duty's sake, asking for nothing in return. Be the sky, not the soil. "The soil in return for her service keeps the tree tied to her, the sky asks nothing and leaves it free." (Rabindranath Tagore, Indian poet, playwright, novelist, musician, and painter, 1861-1941)　　　　Sir Walter Scott describes our folly: "We build statues out of snow, and weep to see them melt." How should we build our character? Out of snow? If it is to be enduring, shouldn't we forge it in the furnace of responsibility, mold it with obligation, and glaze it with duty? Some final thoughts follow.　　　　"Our duty is to be useful, not according to our desires but according to our powers." (Henri Frdric Amiel)　　　　"Duty is the sublimest word in the language. You can never do more than your duty. You should never wish to do less." (Robert E. Lee)　　　　"The most beautiful things in the universe are the starry heavens above us and the feeling of duty within us." (Indian Proverb)　　　　"I slept and dreamt that life was joy. I awoke and saw that life was duty. I acted and beheld that duty was joy." (Rabindranath Tagore)　　　　我的理解，就是DUTY是职责，RESPONSIBILITY是责任。比如执行命令是军人的职责，上战场杀敌人是职责也是责任。但是有责任感的军人宁可抗命，也不屠杀平民百姓。所以南京屠杀的日本鬼子就是只有duty没有responsibility的.

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Frisch weht der Wind,Der Heimat zu,Mein Irish Kind,Wo weilest du?回复: Duty和Responsibility的区别Duty vs responsibility: life’s hassles for you to be a better person 　　　　Developing yourself as a person is a process. You might have learned by now that you cannot change yourself instantly. You cannot even wish yourself to become better. It’s not an overnight deal. You have to do it with the decisions that you make and the acts you associate on how to achieve the vision of being a complete human person. It’s a long-term process.. yes. But nobody wants to become someone that does not cause anything better or any good in every society. Even the highly convicted criminals repent and pray a better life for themselves.　　　　Duties and responsibilities are two different tasks that a person must face in order to be better in life. After all, these cannot be avoided as everything a person does can either be labeled as a duty or a responsibility. It is natural for every normal human being. Even those who were born to suffer mean ailments in life have the duty and responsibility to be better in their health condition or to live life to the fullest as a person. Yes it’s tiring, and arrives to a point where it’s exhausting. You may have been a victim of the complaints made by people around you about giving up because of the obligations they face in life. You may have been a complainant yourself. But in order to become a human person you have to acquire duties and responsibilities to anything or even everything that is around you. It is part and parcel of being alive. As long as you live you cannot reap that away from you. Duties and obligations are some of the many ingredients that make you human. It can be compared with happiness and love. Can you imagine a life without it?　　　　It is said that life’s heaviest burden is to have nothing to carry. That makes sense in so many levels, doesn’t it? Daniel Webster said, “A sense of duty pursues us ever. It is omnipresent, like the Deity. If we take to ourselves the wings of the morning, and dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea, duty performed or duty violated is still with us, for our happiness or our misery. If we say the darkness shall cover us, in the darkness as in the light our obligations are yet with us.” 　　　　You must acknowledge its natural sense in your life. In order to help you more here are the differences of duty and responsibility.　　　　　　　　Duty, to begin with, are tasks that can either be done or not by other people for us the same way that we could or would not do tasks for them. It resonates a sense of obligation to everything around you. It is referred as your moral response to things that are DUE to be done. Example for this is your parents’ moral obligation to provide you your most basic needs: foods, shelter, and education. Although free choice is involved in whether you perform a duty or not, you will be held accountable for the results. And that’s when responsibility enters the scene.　　　　Responsibility, on the other hand, refers to something that you are accounted to do. If you take credit for your success, you must also be responsible for your failures. Examples of responsibility are honesty, love, loyalty, and the likes. Yes it is asked from you and you have the last say whether or not you shall do it. But whether or not you do, the result of such decision should also be taken accountable of by none other than you. A person needs to be responsible so he can acquire freedom. Freedom is defined as having the will to be responsible to your own self.　　　　SUMMARY:　　Duties and responsibilities are part and parcel of being human.　　A duty is defined as doing something that is due while responsibility is defined as being accountable to the decisions you have made in life

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Frisch weht der Wind,Der Heimat zu,Mein Irish Kind,Wo weilest du?回复: Duty和Responsibility的区别search 和 retrieval的区别 It depends on what you mean by "search". If you mean, as many commonly do, web search in the sense of Google, Bing, etc., then search is an application of Information Retrieval (IR) techniques. But IR is a broader field and encompasses a range of techniques that help with web search, but also other related topics, such as information detection, extraction and summarization. 　　　　So the general problem is more than pure search, more than just finding the page or document that is related to a query. The holy grail is to answer the user's questions. In other words, directly answer the question, "What is the largest bank in Detroit?" rather then just give me pages that might be related to that question and have me sort through and read each page to find the answer. In the end, we want answers, not just a tool to give us a short list of relevant pages to read. IBM's Watson gives a sense of where this could be leading us.　　 　　Holy Grail 渴望但永远得不到的东西；努力追求但永远不可能实现的目标（或理想

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